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Charts don't come with a "what's happening" label built in, that's what indicators are for.
They turn price and volume into something you can actually read, whether that's spotting a trend, a breakout, or a market that's gotten a bit too excited.
In this lesson, we'll go through the ones worth having on your chart, and why each one earns its spot.
Before you can trade the news well, you need a solid foundation on your chart. There's no magic indicator or secret system that does the work for you, it all comes down to picking a few tools that actually help you read what's happening, and building from there.
Here are five indicators worth starting with, whether you're trading stocks, options, forex, futures, or crypto:
Indicator
What It Shows
Volume
How much interest there is in a stock right now. No volume means it'll be hard to buy or sell without trouble
Candlesticks
Price action, but with way more detail than a simple line chart
50-period Simple Moving Average
A short-term average of price, helps you see the trend
200-period Simple Moving Average
A longer-term average of price, helps you see the bigger trend
VWAP (Volume-Weighted Average Price)
Combines price and volume together into one average
Why start here?
Volume and price (candlesticks) are the foundation. Almost every other indicator out there is really just built from these two, under the hood.
A line chart hides too much. Candlesticks give you far more information about what price actually did.
Moving averages help smooth things out so you can see the trend more clearly, without getting lost in every small wiggle.
There's no single "best" platform, it really depends on what you trade and what you're looking for. Here's a quick breakdown by asset type.
Platform
Best For
Key Strengths
Things to Keep in Mind
NinjaTrader
Futures, Forex, Crypto
Easy trade execution, clean charts, demo trading contests, highly customizable with add-ons, supports many brokers
Desktop version offers the best experience
Thinkorswim
Options
Advanced options analysis, excellent options chain, professional trading tools
Can be difficult for beginners
Tastytrade
Options (Beginners)
Simple interface, visual tools, easy to learn
Better suited for beginners than advanced traders
TWS (Trader Workstation)
Forex
Fast desktop platform, powerful trading tools, quick order execution
Interface can feel complex for new traders
TradingView
Forex, Crypto
Web-based, beginner-friendly, excellent charts and indicators, demo trading, accessible from any device
Can be slower than desktop platforms, mobile app is better for longer-term trading
TradeStation
Options, Futures
Strong algorithmic trading tools, advanced features similar to Thinkorswim
Some advanced features require a paid plan and are more useful for experienced traders
There's no single "must-watch" list here, it's a bit subjective, but there are 10 economic indicators worth knowing and understanding why they matter.
#
What It Tells You
1
GDP & GDP Growth Rate
Lagging indicator. Total value of goods and services a country produces
2
Debt Ratios & Debt Cycles
Leading indicator. Two types: private debt and public (government) debt
3
Inflation & Inflation Expectations
Measured by CPI, WPI, PCE, GDP deflator. High inflation weakens exchange rates
4
Exchange Rate Stability
Shows currency value vs. the US dollar. Split into NEER and REER
5
Interest Rates
Very low or negative rates can signal a weak economy or recession risk
6
Gold & Other Metal Prices
Safe-haven asset. Rises when the world feels riskier
7
Stock Markets & Volatility
Leading indicator. Reflects investor sentiment and risk
8
Risk Premiums
Lagging indicator. Extra return investors expect for taking risk
9
Budget Deficits, Surpluses & FDI Flows
Deficits raise debt; surpluses lower it. Strong FDI is a good sign
10
Crude Oil Prices
Affects importers and exporters differently. Prices crashed from $120 to under $25 (2015-16)
These indicators are a solid place to start, but keep in mind political factors matter just as much as economic ones, and shouldn't be looked at separately.
Oil went from $115 a barrel in June 2014 to under $35 by early 2016. That's not a dip, that's a freefall, and it took less than two years.
Here's why it matters for you as a trader: oil prices don't just affect gas stations. They ripple through entire economies, and those ripples show up in currency pairs.
What caused it:
Supply went up. Producers kept pumping even as prices dropped.
Demand went down. China's economy was slowing, and that hit oil harder than almost anything else.
Investment dried up fast. Oil companies cut spending on new production from $700 billion in 2014 to $550 billion in 2015, in a single year.
Oil isn't just a commodity, it's a signal. When it moves this violently, it's usually telling you something bigger is shifting in the global economy, and currencies tied to oil-producing nations are usually the first to feel it.
Pending orders let you set up a trade in advance, so you don't have to sit at your screen all day waiting for the "right" price. You tell your broker what you want, and it fires off automatically once the market gets there.
Market orders: Execute right away, at whatever price is available at that moment.
Limit orders: Wait for a better price than what's currently on offer.
Stop orders: Wait for the market to confirm a move, even if that means entering at a worse price.
Type
How It Works
Example
Buy limit
Placed below current price, for when you expect a bounce upward
CHF/JPY trading at 166.60, you expect it to dip to 165.94 before rising, so you set a buy limit there
Sell limit
Placed above current price, for when you expect a drop
USD/CHF trading at 0.916, you expect it to rise to 0.952 before falling, so you set a sell limit there
Buy stop
Placed above current price, for breakouts to the upside
CHF/JPY at 166.59, you expect a breakout above 167 to trigger a bigger upward move
Sell stop
Placed below current price, for breakdowns to the downside
Gold at $1,993, you expect a break below $1,983 to trigger a bigger downward move
Why use pending orders?
Saves time: No need to sit and watch the screen all day
Avoids slippage: Since the order only fires once your exact price is hit, unlike market orders which can fill at a worse price than expected.
Volume, candlesticks, and moving averages are the foundation everything else builds on.
Pick a platform that fits how you trade, Ninja Trader for futures, Thinkorswim for options, TradingView to start simple.
Keep an eye on the bigger picture too: GDP, inflation, interest rates, and oil prices all matter.
Our easy-to-use glossary breaks down complex trading terms into plain English. Learn the key terms every trader needs to know.